This verse occurs in the Parable of the Talents, and if we supply the word “increased” after the word “not,” the thought is clear. During the Gospel Age–that period between the going away and the coming again of Christ Jesus–his servants have been entrusted with the gospel message of God’s coming kingdom. 

All professing Christians have obligations and responsibilities to tell out the “good tidings of great joy” according to their knowledge and opportunity. Those who improve their talents increase them, and because faithful to the light and privileges granted to them, will receive the “well done” of the Master. All who neglect to use their talents for the blessing of others will not have the Lord’s approval. On the contrary, they will lose not only the light they once enjoyed, but also the reward of faithfulness. Revelation 2:10: “Be thou faithful unto death, and I will give thee a crown of life.”

Additional Resource:
Christian Questions Podcast
Episode #1215: “What Am I Doing with What God Has Given Me?”
Examining the responsibilities God gives us and how well we do them
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